In today’s competitive era, C++ vs Java is one of the most discussed topics. The reason being both programming languages are widely used. These two programming languages widely employ in the industry due to their outstanding features.
C++ is a popular programming language among programmers because of its speed, efficiency, and dynamic memory use. Java is extensively used java assignment help in the IT business. And in terms of software creation, it is unique from any other programming language.
In today’s blog, let’s look at the differences between these two popular coding languages. That is C++ vs Java. But before that, take a look at the similarities of both languages.
Is there any similarity(s) between C++ and Java?
Yes, there are various similarities between C++ and Java. And some of those are:
- Object-Oriented Programming Features:
Both C++ and Java offer various OPPs features that enable a wide range of programming features. Some features are supported by one, while others aren’t.
| Feature | C++ | Java |
| Encapsulation | ✓ | ✓ |
| Multiple Inheritance | ✓ | ✕ |
| Static Binding | ✓ | ✓ |
| Operator Overloading | ✓ | ✕ |
| Pointers | ✓ | ✕ |
| Template Class | ✓ | ✕ |
| API | ✕ | ✓ |
| Abstraction | ✓ | ✓ |
| Single Inheritance | ✓ | ✓ |
| Polymorphism | ✓ | ✓ |
| Dynamic Binding | ✓ | ✓ |
| Header Files | ✓ | ✕ |
| Global Variables | ✓ | ✕ |
| Interference and Packages | ✕ | ✓ |
- Execution:
Java source code (.java files) is translated to bytecode (.class files) at compile time. JVM will load the .class file at runtime and use an interpreter to transform it to machine code. JVM will run the optimized code after compiling method calls. It shows that Java is both a compiled and an interpreted language.
C++, on the other hand, uses simply a compiler to execute the code. The C++ compiler compiles the source code and turns it into machine code. But the thing to note here is that C++ is quicker than Java, it is not platform-independent.
Now, let’s check the difference between C++ vs Java in the below section.
C++ vs Java: Major differences in tabular form
| Parameter | C++ | Java |
| Compiler & Interpreter | C++ is a compiled programming language. | Java is both interpreted and compiled language. |
| Memory Management | In C++, memory management is done manually. | Memory management is system controlled. |
| Multiple Inheritance | It is compatible with both single and multiple inheritances. | It only allows for single inheritance. Interfaces are used in part to enable multiple inheritances. |
| Influenced To | C++ inspired the development of languages like C99, JS++, Perl, Lua, PHP, Rust, Python, Seed7, and others. | Java impacted the development of languages such as C#, BeanShell, Clojure, Hack, Groovy, J#, Kotlin, Scala, and others. |
| Libraries | It is appropriate for system-level programming since it permits direct system library calls. | Only Java Native Interfaces are supported, not direct native library calls. |
| Thread Support | Threads are not built-in to C++, hence it relies on third-party threading libraries. | For source code, it enables the documentation comments e.g., /**.. */. |
| Input-Output Mechanism | In C++, input is handled by cin, while output is handled by cout. | System.in uses for input and System.out uses for output in Java. |
| Parameter Passing | Both pass by value and pass by reference are supported in C++. | Only the Pass by Value approach is applicable in Java. |
| Object Management | It allows you to manage objects manually by adding new ones and deleting old ones. | Garbage collection and automatic object management. |
| Data and Functions | Outside of the class, Data and Function exist. The scopes global and namespace are both supported. | Package scope is provided, but data and functions are only available within the class. |
| Virtual Keyword | Does not have any Virtual Keyword. | Has Virtual Keywords. |
| Goto Statement | C++ encourages Goto statements. | Java does not encourage the Goto statement. |
C++ vs Java: Which one is better in 2021?
As per the above discussion, it is quite difficult to know which is better. Both C++ and Java have advantages and disadvantages. While C++ is ideal for system development, it is quite complicated to do so with Java. Java, on the other hand, is the best in desktop, web, and other applications.
C++ may be used for everything from system development to corporate applications to games. Java has better web and enterprise features. Some applications, such as some low-level programming applications or gaming, are possible to develop with Java.
Therefore, we can say that it is entirely dependent on the application you are designing. The ideal strategy is to weigh the features of both languages. And also compare their similarities to the application, before deciding which is the best.
Let’s wrap it up!
C++ is also a procedural programming language. There are several aspects of both languages (C++ vs Java). And these are fundamentally different, such as polymorphism, memory management, inheritance, pointers, and so on.
C++ has various properties that make it more powerful than Java. These are better object management, closer to the hardware, performance, speed, and so on. This motivates developers to adopt C++ for low-level programming, high-speed gaming apps, system programming, and so on.
Java has simplified syntax, lack of references, automated garbage collection, templates, and other features. All make it a popular choice for web-based applications.